What is the purpose of a flight data recorder (FDR)?

The purpose of a flight data recorder (FDR) is to record flight parameters, which provide crucial data that can be analyzed during accident investigations. These devices capture a wide range of information, including altitude, speed, heading, and other critical flight statistics that occur throughout the flight. If an accident does occur, the data from the FDR can help investigators reconstruct the events leading up to it, identify potential factors that contributed to the incident, and inform improvements in safety practices and regulations. This function is essential for enhancing aviation safety and preventing future accidents by learning from past incidents.

Other options pertain to different aspects of aviation but do not encompass the primary function of an FDR. Monitoring engine performance is typically managed by other systems onboard the aircraft. Communication with air traffic control is handled through radio systems. Maintenance records are logged separately, often involving a different kind of record-keeping and tracking system.